Acute effects of cigarette smoke on inflammation and oxidative stress: a review Thorax Secondhand vape exposure regulation of CFTR and immune function in cystic fibrosis American Journal of Physiology Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology American Physiological Society Effects of ecigarettes and vaping devices on cardiac and pulmonary physiology Tsai 2020 The Journal of Physiology Wiley Online Library Think vaping is safer than smoking? While it may seem less harmful, vaping can still cause lung irritation, inflammation, and long term respiratory issues especially with regular use. The damage often starts Vaping propylene glycol and vegetable glycerine may lead to lung inflammation Impact of e cigarette vaping on the immune system across the body Physiological Reviews American Physiological Society